Trace Context

Defines standard HTTP headers and a value format for propagating context information that enables distributed tracing.

A backward-compatible CSS language extension inspired by Sass that supports variables, mixins, operations, and functions.

Sass

A stylesheet language that compiles to CSS and allows developers to use variables, nested rules, mixins, and functions.

Markdown

A lightweight markup language used to add formatting to plain text documents using simple, human-readable syntax.

Sitemap

A specialized XML file that lists a website's URLs and helps search engines discover pages available for crawling and indexing.

OpenID

A decentralized authentication protocol based on OAuth 2.0 that enables applications to verify a user's identity through an external identity provider instead of managing credentials directly.

Text

The plain text document format.

OpenAPI

A specification language for defining HTTP APIs, typically written in YAML or JSON.

JSON Web Token

An open standard (RFC 7519) that defines a compact and self-contained way for securely transmitting information between parties as a JSON object.

CGI

An interface specification that enables web servers to execute an external program to process HTTP requests.

Humans.txt

A plain text file that allows website creators to identify and credit the people involved in developing a website.

LLMs.txt

A proposed standard that provides structured content and instructions to guide large language models in understanding and summarizing a website's content.

IDN

Internationalized Domain Names allow people around the world to use domain names in local languages, such as Arabic, Chinese, or Cyrillic.

WebAssembly

A portable binary instruction format that runs in modern web browsers with near-native performance, enabling frontend coding in languages that were not traditionally used for web interfaces, such as C/C++, C#, and Rust.

Prerender

A deprecated browser hint that instructed web browsers to preload and render a web page in the background before navigation occurred.

ActivityPub

A decentralized social networking protocol used by various Fediverse services such as Mastodon, Pixelfed, and PeerTube.

Webmention

A simple protocol to notify any URL when a website links to it, and for web pages to request notifications when somebody links to them.

Rack

A minimal, modular interface and invocation convention that operates between Ruby web servers and web applications to standardize how HTTP requests and responses are exchanged.

OpenTelemetry

An open-source, vendor-neutral observability framework and toolkit for collecting, processing, and exporting telemetry data such as traces, metrics, and logs.

A non-proprietary protocol for encrypting email using public key cryptography.

Onion

Sites are websites that use the .onion top-level domain and are only accessible through Tor, a decentralized anonymity network that relays traffic to hide the IP addresses of both visitors and hosts.

ESI

A simple markup language used to define web page components for dynamic assembly and delivery of web applications at the edge of the internet.

XRDS

An XML-based file format that provides a list of service endpoints (e.g., OpenID) available on a website.

IndieAuth

A decentralized identity protocol built on top of OAuth 2.0.

XMP

An ISO standard for creating, processing, and exchanging metadata for digital documents.