Text

The plain text document format.

XML

A markup language and file format for storing, transmitting, and reconstructing structured data in a platform-independent way.

CGI

An interface specification that enables web servers to execute an external program to process HTTP requests.

OpenID

A decentralized authentication protocol based on OAuth 2.0 that enables applications to verify a user's identity through an external identity provider instead of managing credentials directly.

Markdown

A lightweight markup language used to add formatting to plain text documents using simple, human-readable syntax.

A proposed open standard for using rel-me links to profiles on OAuth supporting services to authenticate via either those profiles or your own site.

Humans.txt

A text file that can be created by developers to list the people who have contributed to a website.

A set of criteria defined by the independent Acceptable Ads Committee that allows publishers to reach ad-blocking users with respectful, non-intrusive and relevant ads.

WebAssembly

A portable binary instruction format that runs in modern web browsers with near-native performance, enabling frontend coding in languages that were not traditionally used for web interfaces, such as C/C++, C#, and Rust.

Prerender

The rel="prerender" attribute on HTML elements.

RDF

A W3C standard model to describe and exchange graph data on the web.

JSON Web Token

An open standard (RFC 7519) that defines a compact and self-contained way for securely transmitting information between parties as a JSON object.

OpenTelemetry

A vendor- and tool-agnostic observability framework and toolkit for creating and managing telemetry data such as traces, metrics, and logs.

Rack

A minimal, modular interface and invocation convention that operates between Ruby web servers and web applications to standardize how HTTP requests and responses are exchanged.

Webmention

A simple protocol to notify any URL when a website links to it, and for web pages to request notifications when somebody links to them.

LLMs.txt

A proposed standard that provides structured content and instructions to guide large language models in understanding and summarizing a website's content.

XRDS

An XML-based file format that provides a list of service endpoints (e.g., OpenID) available on a website.

ESI

A simple markup language used to define web page components for dynamic assembly and delivery of web applications at the edge of the Internet.

ActivityPub

A decentralized social networking protocol used by various Fediverse services such as Mastodon, Pixelfed, and PeerTube.

XMP

An ISO standard for creating, processing, and exchanging metadata for digital documents.

A non-proprietary protocol for encrypting email using public key cryptography.