CGI

An interface specification that enables web servers to execute an external program to process HTTP requests.

IAB TCF

An open-source industry standard developed by IAB Europe that helps companies comply with GDPR and ePrivacy requirements when processing personal data in digital advertising ecosystems.

A backward-compatible CSS language extension inspired by Sass that supports variables, mixins, operations, and functions.

Sitemap

A specialized XML file that lists a website's URLs and helps search engines discover pages available for crawling and indexing.

Markdown

A lightweight markup language used to add formatting to plain text documents using simple, human-readable syntax.

XML

A markup language and file format for storing, transmitting, and reconstructing structured data in a platform-independent way.

RelMeAuth

A proposed open standard for using rel-me links to profiles on OAuth supporting services to authenticate via either those profiles or your own site.

Humans.txt

A plain text file that allows website creators to identify and credit the people involved in developing a website.

OpenAPI

A specification language for defining HTTP APIs, typically written in YAML or JSON.

JSON Web Token

An open standard (RFC 7519) that defines a compact and self-contained way for securely transmitting information between parties as a JSON object.

Webmention

A simple protocol to notify any URL when a website links to it, and for web pages to request notifications when somebody links to them.

WebAssembly

A portable binary instruction format that runs in modern web browsers with near-native performance, enabling frontend coding in languages that were not traditionally used for web interfaces, such as C/C++, C#, and Rust.

LLMs.txt

A proposed standard that provides structured content and instructions to guide large language models in understanding and summarizing a website's content.

Prerender

A deprecated browser hint that instructed web browsers to preload and render a web page in the background before navigation occurred.

Rack

A minimal, modular interface and invocation convention that operates between Ruby web servers and web applications to standardize how HTTP requests and responses are exchanged.

Micropub

An HTTP-based client-server protocol used to create, update, and delete posts on servers using third-party clients.

IDN

Internationalized Domain Names allow people around the world to use domain names in local languages, such as Arabic, Chinese, or Cyrillic.

Onion

Sites are websites on the dark web that use the .onion top-level domain and are only accessible through online routing through Tor.

A peer-to-peer protocol for storing and accessing files and websites in a decentralized file system.

AdChoices

A self-regulatory standard for online interest-based advertising that gives consumers enhanced control over the collection and use of their data to deliver relevant ads.

IndieAuth

A decentralized identity protocol built on top of OAuth 2.0.