Sitemap

A file in XML format that allows webmasters to inform search engines about URLs on a website that are available for web crawling.

Trace Context

Defines standard HTTP headers and a value format for propagating context information that enables distributed tracing.

XML

A markup language and file format for storing, transmitting, and reconstructing arbitrary data.

Humans.txt

A text file that can be created by developers to list the people who have contributed to a website.

A proposed open standard for using rel-me links to profiles on OAuth supporting services to authenticate via either those profiles or your own site.

RDF

A W3C standard model to describe and exchange graph data on the web.

Markdown

A markup language used to add formatting to plain text documents.

IDN

Internationalized Domain Names allow people around the world to use domain names in local languages, such as Arabic, Chinese, or Cyrillic.

JSON Web Token

An open standard (RFC 7519) that defines a compact and self-contained way for securely transmitting information between parties as a JSON object.

OpenAPI

A specification language for defining HTTP APIs, typically written in YAML or JSON.

Prerender

The rel="prerender" attribute on HTML elements.

Webmention

A simple protocol to notify any URL when a website links to it, and for web pages to request notifications when somebody links to them.

XMP

An ISO standard for creating, processing, and exchanging metadata for digital documents.

XRDS

An XML-based file format that provides a list of service endpoints (e.g., OpenID) available on a website.

WebAssembly

A portable binary code format that can be run in modern web browsers with near-native performance.

ESI

A simple markup language used to define web page components for dynamic assembly and delivery of web applications at the edge of the Internet.

WCAG

The Web Content Accessibility Guidelines are a set of recommendations for making web content more accessible, developed by W3C.

LLMs.txt

A proposed standard that provides structured content and instructions to guide large language models in understanding and summarizing a website's content.

OpenTelemetry

A vendor- and tool-agnostic observability framework and toolkit for creating and managing telemetry data such as traces, metrics, and logs.

A non-proprietary protocol for encrypting email using public key cryptography.

Onion

Sites are websites on the dark web that use the .onion top-level domain and are only accessible through online routing through Tor.

Rack

A minimal, modular interface and invocation convention that operates between Ruby web servers and web applications to standardize how HTTP requests and responses are exchanged.