Text

The plain text document format.

OpenID

A decentralized authentication protocol based on OAuth 2.0 that enables applications to verify a user's identity through an external identity provider instead of managing credentials directly.

Sass

A stylesheet language that compiles to CSS and allows developers to use variables, nested rules, mixins, and functions.

WebAssembly

A portable binary instruction format that runs in modern web browsers with near-native performance, enabling frontend coding in languages that were not traditionally used for web interfaces, such as C/C++, C#, and Rust.

RelMeAuth

A proposed open standard for using rel-me links to profiles on OAuth supporting services to authenticate via either those profiles or your own site.

IAB TCF

An open-source industry standard developed by IAB Europe that helps companies comply with GDPR and ePrivacy requirements when processing personal data in digital advertising ecosystems.

Markdown

A lightweight markup language used to add formatting to plain text documents using simple, human-readable syntax.

Trace Context

Defines standard HTTP headers and a value format for propagating context information that enables distributed tracing.

Onion

Sites are websites that use the .onion top-level domain and are only accessible through Tor, a decentralized anonymity network that relays traffic to hide the IP addresses of both visitors and hosts.

IDN

Internationalized Domain Names allow people around the world to use domain names in local languages, such as Arabic, Chinese, or Cyrillic.

JSON Web Token

An open standard (RFC 7519) that defines a compact and self-contained way for securely transmitting information between parties as a JSON object.

Humans.txt

A plain text file that allows website creators to identify and credit the people involved in developing a website.

ActivityPub

A decentralized social networking protocol used by various Fediverse services such as Mastodon, Pixelfed, and PeerTube.

OpenAPI

A specification language for defining HTTP APIs, typically written in YAML or JSON.

Prerender

A deprecated browser hint that instructed web browsers to preload and render a web page in the background before navigation occurred.

LLMs.txt

A proposed standard that provides structured content and instructions to guide large language models in understanding and summarizing a website's content.

XML

A markup language and file format for storing, transmitting, and reconstructing structured data in a platform-independent way.

XRDS

An XML-based file format that provides a list of service endpoints (e.g., OpenID) available on a website.

A non-proprietary protocol for encrypting email using public key cryptography.

OpenTelemetry

An open-source, vendor-neutral observability framework and toolkit for collecting, processing, and exporting telemetry data such as traces, metrics, and logs.

Webmention

A simple protocol to notify any URL when a website links to it, and for web pages to request notifications when somebody links to them.