GraphQL

A data query and manipulation language for APIs typically used for remote client-server communications.

Markdown

A lightweight markup language used to add formatting to plain text documents using simple, human-readable syntax.

Trace Context

Defines standard HTTP headers and a value format for propagating context information that enables distributed tracing.

CGI

An interface specification that enables web servers to execute an external program to process HTTP requests.

Sitemap

A specialized XML file that lists a website's URLs and helps search engines discover pages available for crawling and indexing.

RelMeAuth

A proposed open standard for using rel-me links to profiles on OAuth supporting services to authenticate via either those profiles or your own site.

RDF

A W3C standard model for describing and exchanging graph-based data on the web.

JSON Web Token

An open standard (RFC 7519) that defines a compact and self-contained way for securely transmitting information between parties as a JSON object.

WebAssembly

A portable binary instruction format that runs in modern web browsers with near-native performance, enabling frontend coding in languages that were not traditionally used for web interfaces, such as , C#, and Rust.

Webmention

A simple protocol to notify any URL when a website links to it, and for web pages to request notifications when somebody links to them.

ESI

A simple markup language used to define web page components for dynamic assembly and delivery of web applications at the edge of the Internet.

LLMs.txt

A proposed standard that provides structured content and instructions to guide large language models in understanding and summarizing a website's content.

OpenAPI

A specification language for defining HTTP APIs, typically written in YAML or JSON.

Humans.txt

A plain text file that allows website creators to identify and credit the people involved in developing a website.

Prerender

A deprecated browser hint that instructed web browsers to preload and render a web page in the background before navigation occurred.

Onion

Sites are websites on the dark web that use the .onion top-level domain and are only accessible through online routing through Tor.

XMP

An ISO standard for creating, processing, and exchanging metadata for digital documents.

Rack

A minimal, modular interface and invocation convention that operates between Ruby web servers and web applications to standardize how HTTP requests and responses are exchanged.

ActivityPub

A decentralized social networking protocol used by various Fediverse services such as Mastodon, Pixelfed, and PeerTube.