GraphQL

A data query and manipulation language for APIs typically used for remote client-server communications.

Trace Context

Defines standard HTTP headers and a value format for propagating context information that enables distributed tracing.

CGI

An interface specification that enables web servers to execute an external program to process HTTP requests.

Sitemap

A file in XML format that allows webmasters to inform search engines about URLs on a website that are available for web crawling.

Markdown

A lightweight markup language used to add formatting to plain text documents using simple, human-readable syntax.

A proposed open standard for using rel-me links to profiles on OAuth supporting services to authenticate via either those profiles or your own site.

JSON Web Token

An open standard (RFC 7519) that defines a compact and self-contained way for securely transmitting information between parties as a JSON object.

RDF

A W3C standard model to describe and exchange graph data on the web.

Webmention

A simple protocol to notify any URL when a website links to it, and for web pages to request notifications when somebody links to them.

OpenAPI

A specification language for defining HTTP APIs, typically written in YAML or JSON.

WebAssembly

A portable binary instruction format that runs in modern web browsers with near-native performance, enabling frontend coding in languages that were not traditionally used for web interfaces, such as C/C++, C#, and Rust.

ESI

A simple markup language used to define web page components for dynamic assembly and delivery of web applications at the edge of the Internet.

Onion

Sites are websites on the dark web that use the .onion top-level domain and are only accessible through online routing through Tor.

Humans.txt

A text file that can be created by developers to list the people who have contributed to a website.

Prerender

The rel="prerender" attribute on HTML elements.

ActivityPub

A decentralized social networking protocol used by various Fediverse services such as Mastodon, Pixelfed, and PeerTube.

Rack

A minimal, modular interface and invocation convention that operates between Ruby web servers and web applications to standardize how HTTP requests and responses are exchanged.

LLMs.txt

A proposed standard that provides structured content and instructions to guide large language models in understanding and summarizing a website's content.

XMP

An ISO standard for creating, processing, and exchanging metadata for digital documents.