ResearchGate

A social networking platform for scientists and researchers that enables them to share publications, collaborate with peers, and engage in academic discussions online.

A Chinese microblogging and social networking platform focused on short-form posting, media sharing, livestreaming, and public discussions.

Goodreads

A book-based social networking platform owned by Amazon that helps readers discover, organize, and discuss books.

Google Groups

A web-based mailing list and discussion forum platform that enables users to communicate through shared email addresses and web-based discussions.

Flipboard

A social news aggregator and content discovery platform.

Last.fm

A music streaming and discovery platform with internet radio and a community for music discussion.

Quora

A question-and-answer platform where users ask, answer, edit, and organize discussions across a wide range of topics through community-driven knowledge sharing.

WeChat

A Chinese instant messaging, social media, and mobile payment app that has evolved into a super-app combining communication, commerce, and everyday services.

SlideShare

A content-sharing platform for publishing and discovering presentations, infographics, documents, and professional knowledge resources online.

Meetup

A social media platform for organizing in-person and virtual events and connecting people who share interests, hobbies, or professions.

Gitter

An open-source chat and networking platform for software developers based on the Matrix protocol.

Beehiiv

A newsletter platform that allows creators and brands to publish, distribute, and monetize email publications with integrated website hosting and audience management tools.

Line

A Japanese instant messaging and social networking app often described as a super-app because it integrates services such as a digital wallet, news feed, digital comics, media streaming, and shopping.

Pixelfed

A decentralized social network service for photo sharing powered by Pixelfed open-source software.

ReverbNation

A social networking site for musicians.

Stack Overflow

A question-and-answer platform for programmers where users can ask, answer, and vote on technical questions related to software development.

Keybase

A key directory, secure messaging and file sharing platform.

Academia

A social networking platform for academics that enables users to share research papers, build professional profiles, and connect with other researchers worldwide.

Strava

A fitness tracking app and community-moderated social network for athletes.

Micro.blog

A microblogging and social networking service.

Letterboxd

A social cataloging service and film discovery platform that enables users to log, rate, and review films, maintain a personal film diary, create watchlists, and follow other members.

Viadeo

A French career-oriented social networking platform, now owned by Le Figaro.

The StoryGraph

A social cataloguing web platform for books.